ECSS produces negatively charged droplets, which are attracted by the positively charged leaf. A negatively charged droplet has an abundance of electrons, while a positively charged droplet has an abundance of electrons.
It is also possible to use electrostatic charging technology while in the air to create positively charged droplets that will be attracted by the negatively charged leaf. However, it is important to remember that the droplet is exposed to air and moisture during flight. While the positively charged droplets gain electrons and become ECSS positive, the negatively charged droplets used in the ECSS sprayer do not emit any electrons to the air or moisture.